What is Foreign Direct Investment: Definition & Meaning Explained

Accumulation/Distribution Indicator (A/D)

An Accumulation/Distribution Indicator is used to figure out the trend of a stock based on the relationship between the price and volume. There are two parts to the name Accumulation Distribution Indicator:

Accumulation: Denotes demand or the buying levels of a particular stock
Distribution: Denotes the supply or the selling levels of a particular stock

Long story short, A/D tells you whether a stock is facing buying or selling pressure. A rising A/D depicts an upward trend while a falling A/D depicts a downward trend.

Deferred Tax

The term deferred tax in a financial statement is used to refer to future tax payments in the case of temporary differences, a situation where an asset or liability on the balance sheet is realised but is taxable in the future.

Common examples of deferred tax include line items such as employee bonus or PF contributions, depreciation of fixed assets, net losses, and others.

Average Daily Trading Volume

The Average Daily Trading Volume (ADTV) is a technical indicator that indicates the number of shares that were bought and sold on average across one or more trading days.

A high ADTV means that more investors are interested in a stock while a low ADTV implies that a stock isn’t on the radar of many investors. The formula for Average Daily Trading Volume (ADTV) is:

ADTV x days = Total trading volume of stock across x days / x days

Identifiable Asset

An identifiable asset is a tangible or intangible asset that be assigned a fair value at any point in time. This concept is important during acquisitions and mergers as not all assets on a company’s balance sheet can easily be valued.

Simple examlpeps of identifiable assets include machinery. You can easily identify machinery as a separate entity and assign it a value based on various factors.

Annual Earnings Change

An Annual Earnings Change is the difference between a company’s earnings from the present and previous fiscal year. The formula for annual earnings change is:

Current Fiscal Year Earnings - Previous Fiscal Year Earnings

Say for example a liquid nitrogen manufacturing company earned Rs. 50 crores in the current fiscal year and Rs. 29 crores in the previous fiscal year. Their annual earnings change will be:
Rs. 50 crores - Rs. 29 crores = Rs. 21 crores.

Indices

Indices are a collection of financial instruments that measure the performance of those very instruments.

For example, stock market indices like Nifty 50 and Sensex measure the top 50 and 30 stocks by market capitalization.

If indices go up, it generally means that the underlying stocks are performing well. The opposite is true when indices plummet.

By the way, there’s no limit to how many instruments an index can track. The Nifty Smallcap 250 tracks 250 stocks whereas Nifty Bank tracks 12 stocks.

Foreign Direct Investment