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Finance GlossaryInterest Rate Risk
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Interest Rate Risk

Definition of Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk refers to the probable decline in the value of a fixed income security because of a fluctuation in the interest rate. Fixed income securities lose value when interest rates rise whereas a bond or other debt instruments become more valuable when interest rates fall. Equity shares and securities do not carry interest rate risk.

Related Terms

Debentures

A debenture is a legal certificate that a company issues in exchange for a long-term unsecured loan. A debt instrument like a debenture is issued by companies who want to fund their business without diluting existing shares.

The components of a debenture are as follows:

  • Principal: The loan amount or the money lent by an investor
  • Tenure: The duration of the loan
  • Interest rate: The rate of interest
  • Repayment: Terms and conditions of the amount to be repaid

Debenetures can also be issued by small-size companies who may not be creditworthy enough to secure a loan from traditional lenders. Hence, the unsecured aspect of the loan may help achieve their objective.

Anchoring and Adjustment

Anchoring is a bias that drives people to make decisions that are based on (anchored to) pre-existing notions, ideas, and suggestions that may or may not be true.

Adjustments around anchoring are common as it becomes a starting point for many when it comes to decision-making.

For example, someone is anchored to a financial model or strategy. They may choose to use the anchor in situations where it may not fit and as a result, may end up getting an unfavorable outcome.

Carrying Charge

Carrying charge or cost of carry is the money involved in the upkeep or general holding of an asset or financial instrument. Examples of carrying charges include maintenance costs, insurance, and others.

A carrying charge can increase the cost of owning an asset. At times, the cost of carry may exceed the potential returns, in which case an investor must evaluate whether the asset is worth keeping.

Commodity Options

A commodity option is a contract that gives the buyer or seller the right but not the obligation to execute a trade for a commodity like copper, cotton, zinc, and others at a pre-agreed price and date. Commodity options are derivative contracts that require a trader to pay a premium in order to secure the “option”.

Inflation

Inflation is defined as the rise in the price of goods and services with a declining purchasing power amongst the general population. The primary cause of inflation is a surge in demand that can not be met with the same level of supply.

Asset Allocation

Asset allocation is a strategy or method in which an investor decides how much money they should allocate to an investment based on their risk profile, financial goals, and other factors to maximize returns and minimize risk.



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