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Authorized Capital

Definition of Authorized Capital

Authorized capital or authorized share capital is the maximum amount of capital for which shares can be issued by a company to its shareholders.

Or in other words, authorized capital denotes all the shares across all the categories that a company could issue if it wanted to raise money.

Related Terms

Arbitrage

Arbitrage is a strategy where a security is bought in one market and sold in another market to generate profits due to the difference in price. This difference is known to be minor.

Say for example a share trades at Rs. 1000 on NSE and Rs. 1002 on BSE. The share can be arbitraged by buying it on BSE and selling it on BSE for a profit of Rs. 2.

Cash Reserve Ratio

Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) is the amount of liquid cash a bank has to deposit with the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), calculated as a percentage of the total deposit of the bank. The latest Cash Reserve Ratio in India is 4.5%.

There are two important uses of CRR:

  • It acts as a reserve or collateral because banks borrow money from the RBI
  • The RBI decides the interest rate for borrowing based on the CRR

These two pointers become extremely important during high inflation as the RBI can hike interest rates with the assurance of having collateral from banks.

Index Arbitrage

Index arbitrage is the method of generating returns by trading the difference between the same or different indices that have a standard value but has diverged momentarily. The way one does index arbitrage can vary as it is possible to trade indices via ETFs, Options, Futures, and more.

Best Efforts Underwriting/Offering

A best efforts underwriting or offering means the underwriter will do their best to market the securities for the issuer (company, supplier, etc) to investors. The underwriter will not buy all the securities from the issuer, only those the underwriter’s clients want to purchase.

Debentures

A debenture is a legal certificate that a company issues in exchange for a long-term unsecured loan. A debt instrument like a debenture is issued by companies who want to fund their business without diluting existing shares.

The components of a debenture are as follows:

  • Principal: The loan amount or the money lent by an investor
  • Tenure: The duration of the loan
  • Interest rate: The rate of interest
  • Repayment: Terms and conditions of the amount to be repaid

Debenetures can also be issued by small-size companies who may not be creditworthy enough to secure a loan from traditional lenders. Hence, the unsecured aspect of the loan may help achieve their objective.

Gross Domestic Product

The Gross Domestic Product is an economic measure of the financial value of all goods and services produced by a country during a specific time period.



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