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Finance GlossaryFair Value
Fair Value
Definition of Fair Value
The fair value of a stock, product, or service is the price at which the buyer and seller willingly agree on without being on the losing end of the deal. Think of fair value as a win-win situation for both parties, assuming that all conditions are normal.
Say Mr. Apple is offered to buy shares of Mr. Orange’s company at Rs. 1000 per share. Mr. Apple evaluates the business and figures out that he can sell the same shares for Rs. 1200, even though Mr. Orange is content to sell the shares at Rs. 200 lower. Both parties agree on the deal at Rs. 1000 because both view it as a good deal.
The formula for the fair value of a stock or index is:
Fair Value = Cash * { 1 + r (X / 360)} - D
Where,
Cash = Latest stock or index value
r = interest rate on purchase
x = number of days to contract expiry
Dividend = Dividends
The definition of fair value is slightly different in the futures market. In the futures market, the fair value is reached when the supply meets the demand, which simply means that the spot price is equal to the futures contractprice.
However, due to inherent volatility of the markets, the price of a futures contract is known to fluctuate around the fair value of a stock or index. Thus, in the fair value in the context of futures is what the price of the contract should be, given the value of the stock or index, dividends, and others.
Say Mr. Apple is offered to buy shares of Mr. Orange’s company at Rs. 1000 per share. Mr. Apple evaluates the business and figures out that he can sell the same shares for Rs. 1200, even though Mr. Orange is content to sell the shares at Rs. 200 lower. Both parties agree on the deal at Rs. 1000 because both view it as a good deal.
The formula for the fair value of a stock or index is:
Fair Value = Cash * { 1 + r (X / 360)} - D
Where,
Cash = Latest stock or index value
r = interest rate on purchase
x = number of days to contract expiry
Dividend = Dividends
The definition of fair value is slightly different in the futures market. In the futures market, the fair value is reached when the supply meets the demand, which simply means that the spot price is equal to the futures contractprice.
However, due to inherent volatility of the markets, the price of a futures contract is known to fluctuate around the fair value of a stock or index. Thus, in the fair value in the context of futures is what the price of the contract should be, given the value of the stock or index, dividends, and others.
Related Terms
Listing
Listing is the process of a private company making its shares available for trading to the public on a recognized stock exchange. To do so, the company meet regulatory requirements and checks. Getting approval means going public and welcoming bids from potential investors.
MACD
MACD (Moving Average Convergence Divergence) is a technical indicator used to identify entry or exit signals when trading stocks, futures, options, and others. MACD consists of two lines as follows: MACD line Signal line The MACD line represents the difference between two exponential moving averages, while the signal line is a moving average of the MACD line.
IPO
An IPO or Initial Public Offering is the method in which a privately held company becomes a publicly listed company. Existing shareholders must approve the IPO plan before the company can go public. Once shareholders approve, the company will either hire an intermediary or go for a Direct Public Offering, the result of which will be the determination of a price for the new equity shares that will be listed in the primary market.
American Option
An American Option allows the contract holder to exercise the right any time before or on the expiry date. American style options contracts are not available in India.
Ex-Dividend Date
The ex-dividend date is the trading day on and after which a new buyer of the stock is not entitled to any dividends. Most traders say that a stock has gone ex-dividend when this happens.
Traditionally, the ex-dividend date is set a day before the record date when a company evaluates its records for existing shareholders. If a trader buys a stock that has gone ex-dividend from a seller, the one who'll get dividends is the seller.
Traditionally, the ex-dividend date is set a day before the record date when a company evaluates its records for existing shareholders. If a trader buys a stock that has gone ex-dividend from a seller, the one who'll get dividends is the seller.
Institutional Investor
Institutional Investor refers to the often illegal act of trading shares based on information that is not publicly available, typically obtained through dubious sources.
This privileged access to confidential information is termed “Institutional Investor” because information is generally sourced through insiders or employees working at a publicly traded firm.
This privileged access to confidential information is termed “Institutional Investor” because information is generally sourced through insiders or employees working at a publicly traded firm.
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