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Finance GlossaryExponential Moving Average
Exponential Moving Average
Definition of Exponential Moving Average
Exponential Moving Average (EMA) is a technical indicator used to follow price trends over a specific period of time. EMA assigns more weight to recent prices than older prices. The formula to calculate EMA is:
Exponential Moving Average = (K x (CP - PP)) + PP
C: Current Price of stock, currency, commodity, etc. P: The EMA of preceding periods K: Exponential smoothing constant
A Simple Moving Average (SMA) is used to calculate the value of the first period. Furthermore, the EMA can be used to identify support and resistance areas. However, it may not be optimal for identifying precise entry and exit points.
Exponential Moving Average = (K x (CP - PP)) + PP
C: Current Price of stock, currency, commodity, etc. P: The EMA of preceding periods K: Exponential smoothing constant
A Simple Moving Average (SMA) is used to calculate the value of the first period. Furthermore, the EMA can be used to identify support and resistance areas. However, it may not be optimal for identifying precise entry and exit points.
Related Terms
Income Stocks
Income stocks are shares of companies that help you earn a steady income, typically in the form of dividend payouts. At the same time, income stocks are known to have lower risk compared to others and thus, relatively decent returns over a period of time. But the consistently growing dividend yield makes up for the perceived lack of returns.
Book Entry Securities
Book entry securities are financial instruments like stocks, bonds, ETFs, and others whose ownership is recorded and tracked electronically. Book building is the process of determining the potential issue price of a financial instrument based on investor demand, generally during an IPO.
For context, there was a time when physical ownership certificates were issued. If someone wanted to sell their shares, they’d have to present the ownership certificate and get it transferred to the buyer.
Book entries have made ownership certificates obsolete as they track who owns what electronically.
The trades are settled by the depository like NSDL or CSDL which sends the buyer a statement confirming ownership.
For context, there was a time when physical ownership certificates were issued. If someone wanted to sell their shares, they’d have to present the ownership certificate and get it transferred to the buyer.
Book entries have made ownership certificates obsolete as they track who owns what electronically.
The trades are settled by the depository like NSDL or CSDL which sends the buyer a statement confirming ownership.
Forward Price
The forward price is the final value at which a forward contract is exercised, that is, delivered to the buyer by the seller. It is different from the spot price of the underlying asset as it includes the cost of carry like interest rates, storage cost, and other carrying charges. The formula to calculate forward price is:
Forward price: Spot Price − Cost of Carry (storage costs, interest rate, etc)
Forward price: Spot Price − Cost of Carry (storage costs, interest rate, etc)
Averaging Down
Averaging down means buying more shares when the price drops, thereby bringing down your overall average cost of investing. For example:
Day 1 (Normal price)
Day 1 (Normal price)
- Shares bought of XYZ: 10
- Price of each share: Rs. 1000
- Total cost of investing: Rs. 10,000
- Average investment cost: Rs. 1000
Day 2 (Lower price)
- Shares bought of XYZ: 10
- Price of each share: Rs. 900
- Total cost of investing: Rs. 9,000
- Average investment cost: Rs. 900
Averaging Down
- Initial average cost of investing (Day 1): Rs. 1000
- New average cost of investing (Day 1 & Day 2): Rs. 950
Iron Condor
The Iron Condor is an options trading strategy wherein the trader will buy two calls and two puts each with different strike prices but the same expiration date. It is a version of the Butterfly Option Strategy. If the underlying asset averages out or in other words, closes between the middle strike prices, then the Iron Condor generates the maximum profit.
Payback Period
The Payback Period is a capital budgeting metric that calculates the amount of time it takes for a project or investment to pay back its initial cost. It is one of the simplest methods for evaluating potential investments. The formula is: Payback Period = Initial Investment/Annual Cash Flow. A shorter payback period is usually preferred as it means a faster return of capital and less risk. However, it is a limited metric, as it does not take into account the time value of money and the cash flows generated after the initial investment is recovered.
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