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Finance GlossaryFutures and Options
Futures and Options
Definition of Futures and Options
Futures and options are derivative contracts that derive their value from one or more underlying financial securities like stocks, bonds, interest rates, currencies, and commodities.
Every futures and options contract contains an expiration date and a price for the underlying that’s pre-agreed. Futures are a right and an obligation whereas options are a right but not an obligation to exercise the terms of the contract.
Every futures and options contract contains an expiration date and a price for the underlying that’s pre-agreed. Futures are a right and an obligation whereas options are a right but not an obligation to exercise the terms of the contract.
Related Terms
High Volatility Stocks
High volatility stocks are shares that fluctuate based on market conditions, typically more than others. The volatility could be a result of inherent fundamentals or other factors like the industry or domain. Identifying high volatility stocks is possible through indicators like Average True Range and Bollinger Bands.
Commodity Options
A commodity option is a contract that gives the buyer or seller the right but not the obligation to execute a trade for a commodity like copper, cotton, zinc, and others at a pre-agreed price and date. Commodity options are derivative contracts that require a trader to pay a premium in order to secure the “option”.
Brokerage
Brokerage is the fee that an investor or trader must pay to a brokerage in exchange for its services. Brokerage varies from platform to platform. But, broadly speaking, brokerage on intraday, futures, and options trading is known to be higher than equity delivery (investing).
Free Cash Flow
In accounting and earnings reports, free cash flow refers to the amount of money a company has after paying its maintenance expenses, salaries, utility expenses, and other operating expenses as well as capital expenditures.
The formula to calculate free cash flow: Operating Cash Flow − Capital Expenditures
Free cash flow is an important metric, especially for investors because it is a direct indicator of the financial competence of a company. For example, the amount of FCF a company has can decide whether it has enough cash to offer dividends, expand business, buy back shares, etc.
The formula to calculate free cash flow: Operating Cash Flow − Capital Expenditures
Free cash flow is an important metric, especially for investors because it is a direct indicator of the financial competence of a company. For example, the amount of FCF a company has can decide whether it has enough cash to offer dividends, expand business, buy back shares, etc.
Average True Range Atr
The Average True Range (ATR) is a technical indicator used to measure market volatility, typically using the average of true ranges from 14 periods that can be daily, weekly, monthly, or even intraday values.
The formula for ATR is:
ATR = Previous ATR (n - 1) + True Rangen / n
n= number of periods
True Range = The greater/highest of these:
- High - low (Day 1)
- Absolute value of (Day 1’s high - Day 0’s close)
- Absolute value of (Day 1’s low - Day 0’s close)
Cash Market
A cash market is a place where assets, goods, and services are bought and sold on the spot. That’s why it is also known as the “spot market”.
A stock market exchange like NSE or BSE is an example of a cash market as trades are settled on the spot at the spot price. Derivatives like futures are not a part of the cash market are trades are settled in the future.
A stock market exchange like NSE or BSE is an example of a cash market as trades are settled on the spot at the spot price. Derivatives like futures are not a part of the cash market are trades are settled in the future.
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Registered Office: Office No. 14D, 4th Floor, Shri Krishna Chambers, 78, Bentick Street, Kolkata - 700001, West Bengal, India.
Corporate Office: A-302, The Western Edge I, Off Western Express Highway, Borivali East, Mumbai - 400066, Maharashtra, India. Land Line: 022-43116666.
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