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Debentures

Definition of Debentures

A debenture is a legal certificate that a company issues in exchange for a long-term unsecured loan. A debt instrument like a debenture is issued by companies who want to fund their business without diluting existing shares.

The components of a debenture are as follows:

  • Principal: The loan amount or the money lent by an investor
  • Tenure: The duration of the loan
  • Interest rate: The rate of interest
  • Repayment: Terms and conditions of the amount to be repaid

Debenetures can also be issued by small-size companies who may not be creditworthy enough to secure a loan from traditional lenders. Hence, the unsecured aspect of the loan may help achieve their objective.

Related Terms

Advance Payment Guarantee/Bond

An Advance Payment Guarantee or Advance Payment Guarantee Bond is a contract issued by a third party willing to take responsibility for fulling the terms of an agreement or payments owed by one party to another.

The guarantee could be:

  • Primary: Indemnity (fulling payments)
  • Secondary: Guarantee (assuring that the outcome will be met)

BSE

Bombay Stock Exchange or BSE is a stock exchange that allows companies to issue new securities through IPOs or FPOs and enables traders & investors to buy and sell securities like shares and ETFs. Established in 1875 under a banyan tree in Mumbai, BSE is the oldest stock exchange in India and Asia.

Dividend Stripping

Dividend stripping is a strategy of buying a company’s stock days before it announces a dividend and then selling the same stock at a lower price once the current holder is entitled to get the dividend previously announced.

The resulting loss in capital gains is generally offset by the profits from dividends. Dividend stripping was once non-taxable, which made the strategy lucrative for smart investors. However, dividends in India are now subject to tax.

Irredeemable Debentures

Irredeemable debentures are debt instruments that can not be sold unless the company is sold or shuts up shop. Those who hold irredeemable debentures will be paid an interest as long as the company operates its business.

All Or None Order

An all or none order is an instruction to execute the entire order or none of it. For example, you place an order for 1000 shares with a contingency that it should be an all or none order.

If so, then the order will be not executed if 999 shares are available. The order will only go through if 1000 shares are available. Otherwise, the order will be canceled.

Face Value

The term face value refers to the actual price of a stock that’s obtained by dividing a company’s net value by its total shares outstanding. In India, the face value of shares can range from Rs. 1 to Rs. 100.

However, the market value of the share may vary. At times, the difference can be drastic. For example, the face value of an MRF share is Rs. 10 but the market value (LTP) of the same share is Rs. 86,313.45.

Face value is also known as nominal value or par value. The latter is used frequently in the case of bonds.

The face value of a bond is the amount that an investor receives from the issuer on maturity. Similar to stocks, bonds and other fixed income instruments may have a different face value and market value.



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  1. Stock brokers can accept securities as margins from clients only by way of pledge in the depository system w.e.f September 01, 2020.
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