Beta Coefficient
Definition of Beta Coefficient
The formula to calculate the Beta coefficient is:
Beta (β) = Covariance (Ri, Rm) / Variance (Rm)
Where:
- Ri = a stock's return
- Rm = overall market's return
- Covariance = ups & downs of stock returns versus ups & downs of market returns
- Variance = the difference between market returns and its average
Generally, Beta values are of four types:
- Beta < 1.0: stock less volatile than the market
- Beta = 1.0: stock just as volatile as the market
- Beta > 1.0: stock more volatile than the market
- Negative Beta: stock shares inverse relation with the market
Related Terms
Total Shareholder Return (TSR)
Buy and Hold
Equity Market
- Primary Market: An equity market where shares are offered to investors for the first time through IPOs while fundraising also happens through private placements.
- Secondary Market: An equity market where shares, bonds, futures, options, more are traded
Deferred Tax Asset
Companies tend to deduct these overpayments or losses for accounting purposes and to reduce their overall taxable income. Common examples of deferred tax assets include:
- Depreciation of fixed assets
- Net financial loss
- Bad debt
Prospectus
Gravestone Doji
This is a price action type trading strategy that is formed with a tall upper shadow, which is a signal of a bearish reversal.

