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Finance GlossaryNet Present Value (NPV)
Net Present Value (NPV)
Definition of Net Present Value (NPV)
Net Present Value (NPV) is a technique that assesses whether an investment is worthwhile by discounting future cash flows to today’s value and weighing them against the upfront cost. If the result is positive, the project is likely to add value; a negative result signals potential loss.
Related Terms
Common Stocks
A common stock is a type of share that gives the holder the right to a part of a company’s profits, voting on key policies and decisions. Common stockholders have an advantage over preferred stockholders because they can:
- Get higher returns
- A part of the assets left after a company is liquidated (in case of default)
Bought Out Deal
A bought-out deal is a stock offering where an investment bank buys the entire issue of shares from a company. In turn, the investment bank will attempt to sell the shares to other investors. A deal of this kind has two benefits:
- The company need not worry about subscription as the investment bank will purchase the entire offering
-
The investment bank can negotiate with the company and get the shares at a discount
That said, there are risks to a bought out deal like:
- It is up to the investment bank to sell the shares to investors in order to recoup the principal or make a profit
- The investment bank also runs the risk of receiving no interest in the shares from other investors
- Guarantee purchase
If the issue size of the bought-out deal is large enough, the investment bank may team up with others to fulfil the purchase.
Issue Price
The issue price is the price at which a company sells its newly issued shares during an IPO. The company that is set to go public will conduct thorough market analysis before deciding the issue price.
Time Value of Money (TVM)
Time Value of Money (TVM) is the concept that money available today is worth more than the same amount in the future due to its earning potential. It forms the foundation of financial decision-making and valuation. TVM is applied in investments, loans, discounting cash flows, and retirement planning.
Lump Sum
Lump sum refers to a one-time, single payment made in a single installment, as opposed to a series of smaller periodic payments. It commonly refers to a large sum of money paid at once, like a mutual fund investment or a share market investment, rather than spread out over multiple payments like SIPs.
Multi-Bagger
A multi-bagger refers to a stock that delivers returns multiple times higher than its original investment value. For example, a stock that grows five times from its purchase price is called a five-bagger. Investors often associate multi-baggers with strong business growth, long-term holding, and effective capital allocation.
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