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Finance GlossaryOpening Range
Opening Range
Definition of Opening Range
The Opening Range is the range of trading prices (from the highest point to the lowest point) of a security in the initial period, after the market opening. In the Indian stock market (NSE and BSE), the opening period is defined as the first 15 - 30 minutes of trading. Traders, especially day traders, pay close attention to the opening range because it often sets the tone for the rest of the trading day and offers potential support and resistance levels.
Related Terms
Fair Value
The fair value of a stock, product, or service is the price at which the buyer and seller willingly agree on without being on the losing end of the deal. Think of fair value as a win-win situation for both parties, assuming that all conditions are normal.
Say Mr. Apple is offered to buy shares of Mr. Orange’s company at Rs. 1000 per share. Mr. Apple evaluates the business and figures out that he can sell the same shares for Rs. 1200, even though Mr. Orange is content to sell the shares at Rs. 200 lower. Both parties agree on the deal at Rs. 1000 because both view it as a good deal.
The formula for the fair value of a stock or index is:
Fair Value = Cash * { 1 + r (X / 360)} - D
Where,
Cash = Latest stock or index value
r = interest rate on purchase
x = number of days to contract expiry
Dividend = Dividends
The definition of fair value is slightly different in the futures market. In the futures market, the fair value is reached when the supply meets the demand, which simply means that the spot price is equal to the futures contractprice.
However, due to inherent volatility of the markets, the price of a futures contract is known to fluctuate around the fair value of a stock or index. Thus, in the fair value in the context of futures is what the price of the contract should be, given the value of the stock or index, dividends, and others.
Say Mr. Apple is offered to buy shares of Mr. Orange’s company at Rs. 1000 per share. Mr. Apple evaluates the business and figures out that he can sell the same shares for Rs. 1200, even though Mr. Orange is content to sell the shares at Rs. 200 lower. Both parties agree on the deal at Rs. 1000 because both view it as a good deal.
The formula for the fair value of a stock or index is:
Fair Value = Cash * { 1 + r (X / 360)} - D
Where,
Cash = Latest stock or index value
r = interest rate on purchase
x = number of days to contract expiry
Dividend = Dividends
The definition of fair value is slightly different in the futures market. In the futures market, the fair value is reached when the supply meets the demand, which simply means that the spot price is equal to the futures contractprice.
However, due to inherent volatility of the markets, the price of a futures contract is known to fluctuate around the fair value of a stock or index. Thus, in the fair value in the context of futures is what the price of the contract should be, given the value of the stock or index, dividends, and others.
Income Statement
An income statement of a company is a document that displays crucial financial information like profit, loss, revenue, expenses, taxes, and more. Income statements are logically divided and published in monthly or quarterly manner for better accounting and financial modelling. A combination of these statements is what you see as the quarterly or annual report published by publicly listed companies.
Contingent Liabilities
A contingent liability is shown on a balance sheet for an event that may or may not happen in the future. The potential liability arising out of such an uncertain event is recorded as a contingency in both GAAP and IFRS accounting standards.
Filing
Fililng is the process of submitting important information and documents to SEBI before an Initial Public Offer (IPO). This term is commonly used when a company submits a Draft Offer Document, Draft Red Herring Prospectus (DRHP), and Final Offer Documents in order to go public.
The process of filing any document with SEBI before an IPO is done to ensure that a company is completely compliant and transparent. That’s how SEBI ensures that public investors can make informed decisions. Thus, filing is a crucial step in the IPO process.
The process of filing any document with SEBI before an IPO is done to ensure that a company is completely compliant and transparent. That’s how SEBI ensures that public investors can make informed decisions. Thus, filing is a crucial step in the IPO process.
Over-the-Counter (OTC)
Over-the-Counter (OTC) refers to a decentralised marketplace wherein financial instruments are traded directly between two parties without the supervision of a formal exchange, such as NSE or BSE. This trading is done through a dealer network (broker-dealers) over the phone or electronically. The OTC market is less regulated and less transparent than exchange-traded markets and frequently involves customised agreements between institutions.
Consolidated Financial Statements
A consolidated financial statement is a record of all the assets, liabilities, income, expenses, and other financial data of a company and its subsidiaries.
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